Sex Estimation of Han Adults in Western China Based on Three-Dimensional Cranial CT Reconstruction / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To examine the reliability and accuracy of Walker's model for estimating the sex of Han adults in western China by using cranium three-dimensional (3D) CT reconstruction, and to study the suitable cranial sex estimation model for Han people in western China.@*METHODS@#A total of 576 cranial CT 3D reconstructed images from Hanzhong Hospital in Shaanxi Province from 2017 to 2021 were collected. These images were divided into the experimental group with 486 samples and the validation group with 90 samples. Walker's model was used by observer 1 to estimate the sex of experimental group samples. The logistic function applicable to Han people in western China was corrected by observer 1. The 90 samples in the validation group were scored and substituted into the modified logistic function to complete the back substitution test by observer 1, 2 and 3.@*RESULTS@#The accuracy of sex estimation of Han adults in western China was 63.2%-77.2% by applying Walker's model. The accuracy of modified logistic function was 82.9%. The accuracy of sex estimation through back substitution test by 3 observers was 75.6%-91.1%, with a Kappa value of 0.689 (P<0.05) for inter-observer consistency and 0.874 (P<0.05) for intra-observer consistency.@*CONCLUSIONS@#There are great differences in bone characteristics among people from different regions. The modified logistic function can achieve higher accuracy in Han adults in western China.

High-intensity interval training in the rehabilitation of coronary artery disease / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of a modified version of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the rehabilitation of persons with coronary artery disease (CAD), and to evaluate its safety and patient compliance.Methods:Sixty CAD patients were randomly divided into an exercise group and a control group, each of 30. Both groups were given conventional cardiac rehabilitation (including controlled nutrition, psychological counseling and low-intensity aerobic exercise). The exercise group additionally completed a session of HIIT twice a week for 6 weeks. Each session involved 30s of cycling at 85-90% of the patient′s maximum heart rate followed by 30s rest, repeated 15 times. The cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, vascular function and body composition of both groups were documented before and after the 6 weeks. Compliance was recorded and the safety of the modified HIIT program was evaluated.Results:A significant improvement was observed in the maximum oxygen uptake and workload in a graded exercise test among the exercise group. The average blood pressure and body composition improved significantly, as did the average positive mood score and enjoyment of training. There was a significant decrease in negative mood and anxiety scores among the exercise group. No significant differences were observed in the control group. Compliance with the HIIT training program of the exercise group (97.4%) was significantly better than the control group′s compliance (88.7%) with its less strenuous regimen. There were no serious adverse reactions or cardiovascular events during the experiment.Conclusion:Modified HIIT is an effective form of cardiac rehabilitation training for CAD. It is safe, and compliance is good.

Phenolic glycosides from the stems and twigs of Strychnos cathayensis and their biological activities / 药学学报

Fourteen compounds were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of the 95% aqueous ethanol extract of the stems and twigs of Strychnos cathayensis by D101 macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semipreparative RP-HPLC. Their structures were elucidated as ethyl 4-O-β-D-allopyranosyl-vanillate (1), n-butyl 4-O-β-D-allopyranosyl-vanillate (2), n-butyl 4-O-(6′-O-syringoyl)-β-D-allopyranosyl-vanillate (3), n-butyl 4-O-(6′-O-vanilloyl)-β-D-allopyranosyl-vanillate (4), n-butyl 4-O-(6′-O-syringoyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-vanillate (5), n-butyl 4-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-syringate (6), methyl 3-methoxy-4-(β-D-allopyranosyloxy) benzoate (7), pseudolaroside B (8), butyl syringate (9), glucosyringic acid (10), methyl syringate (11), methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate (12), clemochinenoside C (13), and clemoarmanoside A (14), respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation and by comparison with literature information. Compounds 1-6 are artificial products of phenolic acid esterified by ethanol or n-butanol. It is noted that the precursors (4-O-(6′-O-syringoyl)-β-D-allopyranosyl-vanillic acid and 4-O-(6′-O-vanilloyl)-β-D-allopyranosyl-vanillic acid) of compounds 3 and 4 are new compounds. The hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of compounds 1-13 were evaluated in vitro at a concentration of 10 μmol·L-1. Compounds 1, 2 and 6-10 exhibited potential hepatic protection effects with cell survival rates ranging from 53.6% to 55.5% (acetaminophen, 45.4% at 8 mmol·L-1). Compound 4 demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity with nitric oxide inhibitory rate of 74.6%. Compounds 3 and 5 showed potential antioxidant activities with malondialdehyde inhibitory rates of 53.2% and 56.1%, respectively.

Chemical constituents from leaves of Craibiodendron yunnanense / 中国中药杂志

The present study investigated the chemical constituents from the leaves of Craibiodendron yunnanense. The compounds were isolated and purified from the leaves of C. yunnanense by a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over polyamide, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic analyses including MS and NMR data. As a result, 10 compounds, including melionoside F(1), meliosmaionol D(2), naringenin(3), quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(4), epicatechin(5), quercetin-3'-glucoside(6), corbulain Ib(7), loliolide(8), asiatic acid(9), and ursolic acid(10), were isolated. Compounds 1 and 2 were two new compounds, and compound 7 was isolated from this genus for the first time. All compounds showed no significant cytotoxic activity by MTT assay.

Sex Estimation of Medial Aspect of the Ischiopubic Ramus in Adults Based on Deep Learning / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the reliability and accuracy of deep learning technology in automatic sex estimation using the 3D reconstructed images of the computed tomography (CT) from the Chinese Han population.@*METHODS@#The pelvic CT images of 700 individuals (350 males and 350 females) of the Chinese Han population aged 20 to 85 years were collected and reconstructed into 3D virtual skeletal models. The feature region images of the medial aspect of the ischiopubic ramus (MIPR) were intercepted. The Inception v4 was adopted as the image recognition model, and two methods of initial learning and transfer learning were used for training. Eighty percent of the individuals' images were randomly selected as the training and validation dataset, and the remaining were used as the test dataset. The left and right sides of the MIPR images were trained separately and combinedly. Subsequently, the models' performance was evaluated by overall accuracy, female accuracy, male accuracy, etc.@*RESULTS@#When both sides of the MIPR images were trained separately with initial learning, the overall accuracy of the right model was 95.7%, the female accuracy and male accuracy were both 95.7%; the overall accuracy of the left model was 92.1%, the female accuracy was 88.6% and the male accuracy was 95.7%. When the left and right MIPR images were combined to train with initial learning, the overall accuracy of the model was 94.6%, the female accuracy was 92.1% and the male accuracy was 97.1%. When the left and right MIPR images were combined to train with transfer learning, the model achieved an overall accuracy of 95.7%, and the female and male accuracies were both 95.7%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The use of deep learning model of Inception v4 and transfer learning algorithm to construct a sex estimation model for pelvic MIPR images of Chinese Han population has high accuracy and well generalizability in human remains, which can effectively estimate the sex in adults.

Dexmedetomidine alleviates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating MALAT1/miR-126-5p/HMGB1 axis / 生理学报

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI) and the underlying mechanism. The in vitro HIRI was induced by culturing HL-7702 cells, a human hepatocyte cell line, under 24 h of hypoxia and 12 h of reoxygenation. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were performed to detect the expression levels of long non-coding RNA MALAT1, microRNA-126-5p (miR-126-5p) and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1). Bioinformatics prediction and double luciferase assay were used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-126-5p and MALAT1, HMGB1. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and ATP levels in culture medium were detected by corresponding kits. The results showed that Dex significantly reduced the levels of ROS and MDA, but increased the level of ATP in HL-7702 cells with HIRI. HIRI up-regulated the expression levels of MALAT1 and HMGB1, and down-regulated the level of miR-126-5p. Dex reversed these effects of HIRI. Furthermore, Dex inhibited HIRI-induced cellular apoptosis, whereas MALAT1 reversed the effect of Dex. This inhibitory effect of Dex could be restored by up-regulation of miR-126-5p. The results suggest that Dex protects hepatocytes from HIRI via regulating MALAT1/miR-126-5p/HMGB1 axis.

Influencing factors on pancreatic fistula rates after distal pancreatectomy / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study factors influencing postoperative pancreatic fistula rates with a view to prevent postoperation pancreatic fistula from happening.Methods:This is a retrospective study on 281 patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from March 2011 to April 2018. There were 89 males and 192 females, with the age of (51.01±13.65) years. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the following factors on the occurrence of pancreatic fistula after operation: gender, age, body mass index(BMI), tumor characteristics, preoperative fasting blood glucose, blood biochemistry, liver function and surgical indications.Results:Of the 281 patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy in this study, 245 (87.2%) did not develop pancreatic fistula / biochemical leakage, while 36(12.8%) patients developed clinically significant pancreatic fistula (B/C grade). Univariate analysis showed the factors which affected the incidence of pancreatic fistula after surgery to include: BMI, preoperative fasting blood glucose, and whether the main pancreatic duct was ligated (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent factors affecting pancreatic fistula incidence after surgery were BMI≥25 kg/m 2 ( OR=2.354, 95% CI: 1.137-4.873, P<0.05), and main pancreatic duct was not ligated ( OR=4.067, 95% CI: 1.191-13.885, P<0.05). Conclusions:A high BMI increased the risk of postoperative pancreatic fistula, while ligation of main pancreatic duct during surgery reduced the risk.

Effect of early enteral nutrition combined with microecological preparation on severe acute pancreatitis: meta-analysis / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and clinical value of early enteral nutrition (EEN) combined with microecological agents in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods:China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese biomedical literature database, Wanfang Database, VIP, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were analyzed, and the retrieval time range is from the establishment of the datebase to November 1, 2019. To compare the clinical efficacy of EEN combined with microecological agents (experiment group) and single EEN treatment (control group) in SAP patients, and to compare the main outcome indicators: serum C-reactive protein level, incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, incidence of pancreatic infection necrosis, incidence of other complications, mortality, and length of hospital stay. And secondary outcome measures: plasma interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α level, gastrointestinal score, and incidence of surgical intervention. The quality of the included literature was evaluated by using the Cochrane systematic evaluator's manual 5.1.0 risk of bias assessment tool, and meta-analysis was performed by using Stata16.0 software.Results:A total of 762 patients were enrolled in 9 RCTs. The results of meta-analysis showed that: among the main outcome indicators, C-reactive protein level [Mean Difference ( MD)=-7.58, 95% CI: -23.71-8.55, P>0.05], incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome [Logarithm Risk Ratio (Log RR)=-0.30, 95% CI: -0.71-0.10, P>0.05], incidence of pancreatic infection and necrosis (Log RR=-0.21, 95% CI: -0.57-0.16, P>0.05) and mortality rate (Log RR=0.13, 95% CI: -0.36-0.62, P>0.05) the differences were not statistically significant. The incidence of complications in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (Log RR=-0.29, 95% CI: -0.51-0.07, P<0.05), and the length of hospital stay in the experimental group ( MD=-4.45, 95% CI: -7.47--1.43, P<0.05) was significantly shorter than that in the control group. Plasma IL-8 levels ( MD=-7.43, 95% CI: -14.28--0.57, P<0.05), TNF-α level ( MD=-38.96, 95% CI: -72.96--4.95, P<0.05)and gastrointestinal score ( MD=-0.15, 95% CI: -0.17--0.13, P<0.05)were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group, and the incidence of surgical intervention was significantly lower than that of the control group (Log RR=-1.63, 95% CI: -8.96-0.57, P>0.05) no statistical significance. Conclusion:EEN combined with microecological preparations can reduce the length of hospital stay in SAP patients and the incidence of complications. Therefore, EEN combined with microecological agents may be beneficial for SAP patients.

A new seco-prezizaane-type sesquiterpene lactone from stems and branches of Illicium ternstroemioides / 中国中药杂志

Three seco-prezizaane-type sesquiterpene lactones, one phenylpropanoid, and two lignans were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of stems and branches of Illicium ternstroemioides with silica gel column chromatography, ODS column chromatography, and preparative HPLC. Based on the spectral data, they were identified as burmanicumolide D(1), veranisatin A(2), veranisatin B(3), dihydroconiferylalcohol(4), pinoresinol(5),(-)-matairesinol(6), respectively. Among them, compound 1 was a new seco-prezizaane-type sesquiterpene lactone, and 2-6 were obtained from this plant for the first time. None of these compounds display antiviral or cytotoxic activities.

Long-term clinical outcomes of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in Yunnan Province / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) after surgeries in Yunnan Province.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the demographic features, vascular risk factors, severity at admission, and aneurysm locations in 85 patients with aSAH receiving surgical interventions in Yunnan Province. All the patients were treated by aneurysm clipping or coiling and followed up for clinical outcomes and recovery of daily activities evaluated by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Thirty-four of the patients (40.0%) underwent aneurysm clipping and 51 (60.0%) underwent aneurysm coiling. During a median follow- up period of 66.23 months (IOR, 12.03 months), 84.7% of the patients had low mRS scores, and 78.8% lived independently. The WFNS grade at admission was significantly correlated with the follow-up mRS scores (95%: 1.48-19.09, =0.011) and ADL (95%: 2.55-28.77, 0.05), but the cost of hospitalization was significantly higher in coiling group than in the clipping group ( < 0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Both aging and a high WFNS grade at admission are associated with a poor prognosis of aSAH, for which aneurysm clipping and coiling have similar long- term outcomes, but for patients with a high WFNS score, aneurysm clipping is favored over coiling in terms of health economics.

Clinical diagnosis and treatment features of Maisonneuve fracture and analysis of clinical outcome of 15 patients / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical diagnosis and treatment features of Maisonneuve fractures (maisonneuve fractures of the fibula, MFF), and evaluate its clinical effects.@*METHODS@#From March 2017 to June 2018, 15 patients with MFF were treated with operation, including 9 males and 6 females, aged from 27 to 54 years old with an average of (35.00±7.46) years old, the time from injury to operation ranged from 5 to 8 days with an average of (6.33±1.04) days. All the fractures were fresh and closed injury. The time of bone union and postoperative complications were observed, and AOFAS score was used to evaluate recovery of ankle joint function at 12 months after operation.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up from12 to 28 months with an average of (17.00±3.79) months. Four patients were misdiagnosed. All fractures were obtained bone union from 4 to 6 months with an average of (4.80±0.94) months. No postoperative complications such as infection, delayed union or nonunion occurred. Postoperative AOFAS score at 12 months was 90.23±7.27, among which 9 patients got excellent result, 3 good, and 3 fair.@*CONCLUSION@#Maisonneuve fracture is an unstable fracture. High fibular fracture and the separation of the lower tibia and fibula could be easily neglected, which could lead to misdiagnosis and missed care. Surgical treatment could recover anatomical relation of the lower tibia and fibula and ankle mortise, and obtain satisfying clinical effect.

The visual function of femotosecond laser assisted phacoemulsification for cataract with high myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To research the visual function of femtosecond laser assisted phacoemulsification in patients with cataract with high myopia. <p>METHODS:Ninety seven patients(97 eyes)of cataract with high myopia underwent standard femtosecond laser assisted phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The best correct visual acuity(BCVA), accommodative function(negative/positive accommodation, accommodative acuity), convergence function(near point of convergence, convergence scope), accommodative convergence/accommodation(AC/A), visual stereoacuity, were observed preoperatively and postoperatively. <p>RESULTS: BCVA: Compared with preoperative date, the postoperative BCVA were improved significantly(<i>P<</i>0.05). There were no significant difference between the 1d, 1wk, 1mo, 3mo, 6mo, 12mo postoperative CVA(<i>P></i>0.05). Accommodative function: There were no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative negative accommodation(<i>P></i>0.05). Positive accommodation: Compared with preoperative date, the 1d, 1wk, 1mo postoperative positive accommodation were no significantly different(<i>P></i>0.05), but the 3mo, 6mo, 12mo postoperative positive accommodation were significantly different(<i>P<</i>0.05). Convergence function: Near point of convergence: Compared with preoperative date, the 1d,1wk postoperative near point of convergence were significantly different(<i>P<</i>0.05), the 6mo, 12mo were no significantly different(<i>P></i>0.05). Significant difference was observed among other near point of convergence(<i>P<</i>0.05). Convergence scope: Compared with preoperative date, the 1d, 1wk, 1mo postoperative convergence scope were no significantly different(<i>P></i>0.05), the 3mo, 6mo, 12mo were significantly different(<i>P<</i>0.05). AC/A: Compared with preoperative date, the 1d, 1wk postoperative date decreased significantly(<i>P<</i>0.05). There was no significantly difference between the 6mo and 1a postoperative date(<i>P></i>0.05). Significant difference was observed among other AC/A(<i>P<</i>0.05). Visual stereoacuity: Compared with preoperative date, the 1d, 1wk, 1mo postoperative visual steroacuity were no significantly different(<i>P></i>0.05), the 3mo, 6mo, 1a were significantly different(<i>P<</i>0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: The BCVA of patients of cataract with high myopia which underwent standard femtosecond laser assisted phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation improved obviously and early, but the visual function improved slowly.

The visual function of femotosecond laser assisted phacoemulsification for cataract with high myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To research the visual function of femtosecond laser assisted phacoemulsification in patients with cataract with high myopia. <p>METHODS:Ninety seven patients(97 eyes)of cataract with high myopia underwent standard femtosecond laser assisted phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The best correct visual acuity(BCVA), accommodative function(negative/positive accommodation, accommodative acuity), convergence function(near point of convergence, convergence scope), accommodative convergence/accommodation(AC/A), visual stereoacuity, were observed preoperatively and postoperatively. <p>RESULTS: BCVA: Compared with preoperative date, the postoperative BCVA were improved significantly(<i>P<</i>0.05). There were no significant difference between the 1d, 1wk, 1mo, 3mo, 6mo, 12mo postoperative CVA(<i>P></i>0.05). Accommodative function: There were no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative negative accommodation(<i>P></i>0.05). Positive accommodation: Compared with preoperative date, the 1d, 1wk, 1mo postoperative positive accommodation were no significantly different(<i>P></i>0.05), but the 3mo, 6mo, 12mo postoperative positive accommodation were significantly different(<i>P<</i>0.05). Convergence function: Near point of convergence: Compared with preoperative date, the 1d,1wk postoperative near point of convergence were significantly different(<i>P<</i>0.05), the 6mo, 12mo were no significantly different(<i>P></i>0.05). Significant difference was observed among other near point of convergence(<i>P<</i>0.05). Convergence scope: Compared with preoperative date, the 1d, 1wk, 1mo postoperative convergence scope were no significantly different(<i>P></i>0.05), the 3mo, 6mo, 12mo were significantly different(<i>P<</i>0.05). AC/A: Compared with preoperative date, the 1d, 1wk postoperative date decreased significantly(<i>P<</i>0.05). There was no significantly difference between the 6mo and 1a postoperative date(<i>P></i>0.05). Significant difference was observed among other AC/A(<i>P<</i>0.05). Visual stereoacuity: Compared with preoperative date, the 1d, 1wk, 1mo postoperative visual steroacuity were no significantly different(<i>P></i>0.05), the 3mo, 6mo, 1a were significantly different(<i>P<</i>0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: The BCVA of patients of cataract with high myopia which underwent standard femtosecond laser assisted phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation improved obviously and early, but the visual function improved slowly.

YAP1 knockdown suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) knockdown on the proliferation, migration and invasion in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells.@*METHODS@#We detected the expression of YAP1 mRNA and protein in different NPC cell lines and an immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line using RT-PCR and Western blotting. Two YAP1-targeting small interfering RNAs (siRNA) were transfected into NPC cell lines S26 and S18, and the knockdown efficiency was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The effect of YAP1 knockdown on the proliferation of the NPC cells was determined by cell counting and colony formation assay; wound healing assay and Transwell assay were used to analyze the changes in the cell migration and invasion abilities in each group. Western blotting was used to analyze the changes in the expressions of c-myc, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin in the NPC cells after YAP1 knockdown.@*RESULTS@#YAP1 was highly expressed in the NPC cell lines. Compared with the negative control group, the NPC cell lines with YAP1 knockdown showed significantly lowered YAP1 expressions at both the mRNA and protein levels ( < 0.05). YAP1 knockdown significantly suppressed the growth, cloning formation, migration and invasion of the NPC cells as compared with control cells ( < 0.01). YAP1 knockdown obviously decreased the expression levels of c-myc, N-cadherin and vimentin and increased E-cadherin expression in the NPC cells.@*CONCLUSIONS@#YAP1 knockdown siRNA suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of NPC cells , suggesting that YAP1 may serve as a therapeutic target for NPC.

Genetic testing and pregnancy outcome of 337 fetuses with urinary system anomalies / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis and pregnancy outcome of fetuses with urinary system anomalies.@*METHODS@#Ultrasonographic features, genetic testing and pregnancy outcomes of 337 fetuses with urinary system anomalies identified by prenatal ultrasonograhy were collected for analysis.@*RESULTS@#Ultrasonographic features of the fetuses were mainly characterized by hydronephrosis or hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney disease, and renal dysplasia. Thirty four fetuses (10.1%) were found to harbor a genetic defect, including 14 numerical chromosomal disorders, 10 structural chromosomal aberrations, and 10 pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs). In 31 cases, the parents elected induced labor. For the 303 fetuses with negative findings, 142 were born by spontaneous delivery or Caesarean section, 48 cases underwent induced labor, 1 case had miscarriage, and the remaining 112 cases had unknown or missed pregnancy outcomes.@*CONCLUSION@#Hydronephrosis or hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney disease, and renal dysplasia are the most common findings among fetuses with urinary system anomalies. Approximately 10.1% of such fetuses are positive by genetic testing.

Status of diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis in 2017: a national multi-center retrospective study / 中华胃肠外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the current status of diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis (AA) in China.@*METHODS@#Questionnaire survey was used to retrospectively collect data of hospitalized patients with AA from 43 medical centers nationwide in 2017 (Sort by number of cases provided: Jinling Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Lu'an People's Hospital, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Dalian Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Dongying People's Hospital, Jinjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huangshan Shoukang Hospital, Xuyi People's Hospital, Nanjing Jiangbei People's Hospital, Lanzhou 940th Hospital of PLA, Heze Municipal Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science of China Three Gorges University, Affiliated Jiujiang Hospital of Nanchang University, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Affiliated Central Hospital of Shandong Zaozhuang Mining Group, The Third People's Hospital of Kunshan City, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, The 81st Group Army Hospital of PLA, Linyi Central Hospital, The General Hospital of Huainan Eastern Hospital Group, The 908th Hospital of PLA, Liyang People's Hospital, The 901th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, The Fourth Hospital of Jilin University, Harbin Acheng District People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Nanjing Luhe People's Hospital, Taixing Municipal People's Hospital, Baotou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Linyi People's Hospital, The 72st Group Army Hospital of PLA, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, People's Hospital of Dayu County, Taixing City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Beijing Guang'anmen Hospital, Langxi County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Central Hospital, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University).The diagnosis and management of AA were analyzed through unified summary. Different centers collected and summarized their data in 2017 and sent back the questionnaires for summary.@*RESULTS@#A total of 8 766 AA patients were enrolled from 43 medical centers, including 4 711 males (53.7%) with median age of 39 years and 958 (10.9%) patients over 65 years old. Of 8 776 patients, 5 677 cases (64.6%) received one or more imaging examinations, and the other 3 099 (35.4%) did not receive any imaging examination. A total of 1 858 (21.2%) cases received medical treatment, mainly a combination of nitroimidazoles (1 107 cases, 59.8%) doublet regimen, followed by a single-agent regimen of non-nitroimidazoles (451 cases, 24.4%), a nitroimidazole-free doublet regimen (134 cases, 7.2%), a triple regimen of combined nitroimidazoles (116 cases, 6.3%), nitroimidazole alone (39 cases, 2.1%) and nitroimidazole-free triple regimen (3 cases, 0.2%). Of the 6 908 patients (78.8%) who underwent surgery, 4 319 (62.5%) underwent laparoscopic appendectomy and 2589 (37.5%) underwent open surgery. Ratio of laparotomy was higher in those patients under 16 years old (392 cases) or over 65 years old (258 cases) [15.1%(392/2 589) and 10.0%(258/2 589), respectively, compared with 8.5%(367/4 316) and 8.0%(347/4 316) in the same age group for laparoscopic surgery, χ²=91.415, P<0.001; χ²=15.915,P<0.001]. Patients with complicated appendicitis had higher ratio of undergoing open surgery as compared to those undergoing laparoscopic surgery [26.7%(692/2 589) vs. 15.6%(672/4 316), χ²=125.726, P<0.001].The cure rates of laparoscopic and open surgery were 100.0% and 99.8%(2 585/2 589) respectively without significant difference (P=0.206). Postoperative complication rates were 4.5%(121/2 589) and 4.7%(196/4 316) respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ²=0.065, P=0.799). The incidence of surgical site infection was lower (0.6% vs. 1.7%, χ²=17.315, P<0.001), and hospital stay was shorter [6(4-7) days vs. 6(5-8) days, U=4 384 348.0, P<0.001] in the laparoscopic surgery group, while hospitalization cost was higher (median 12 527 yuan vs. 9 342 yuan, U=2 586 809.0, P<0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The diagnosis of acute appendicitis is still clinically based, supplemented by imaging examination. Appendectomy is still the most effective treatment at present. Laparoscopic appendectomy has become the main treatment strategy, but anti-infective drugs are also very effective.

MiR-182-5p Knockdown Targeting PTEN Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells

PURPOSE: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, affecting a significant number of women worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the roles of miR-182-5p in BC progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expressions of miR-182-5p and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) were measured in BC tissues and cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or Western blot. Cell proliferation and invasion were detected by cell counting kit-8 assay and trans-well assay, respectively. The interaction between miR-182-5p and PTEN was probed by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase activity, and RNA immunoprecipitation. A murine xenograft model was established to investigate the role of miR-182-5p in BC progression in vivo. RESULTS: An abundance of miR-182-5p was noted in BC tissues and cells. High expression of miR-182-5p was associated with poor survival. Abrogation of miR-182-5p inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in BC cells. Interestingly, PTEN was indicated as a target of miR-182-5p, and its restoration reversed miR-182-5p-mediated promotion of proliferation and invasion of BC cells. Moreover, depletion of miR-182-5p suppressed tumor growth via up-regulating PTEN expression in the murine xenograft model. CONCLUSION: MiR-182-5p exhaustion blocked cell proliferation and invasion by regulating PTEN expression, providing a novel therapeutic avenue for treatment of BC.

The application of acoustic pharyngometry in diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common clinical disease that seriously threatens human health and life. Accurate location of the upper airway obstruction is the key to the diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS. Acoustic pharyngometry uses sound reflection to quickly assess the cross-sectional area and volume of the upper airway. Acoustic pharyngometry represents a simple, quick, non-invasive method for measuring upper airway dimensions which could predict sleep apnea risk. In this article we sought to introduce the application of acoustic pharyngometry in the diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS.

Outcomes of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Cycles by Fluorescent Hybridization of Infertile Males with Nonmosaic 47,XYY Syndrome / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#The 47,XYY syndrome could result in fertility problems. However, seldom studies reported comprehensive researches on the embryonic development and pregnancy outcomes of these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of nonmosaic 47,XYY patients performed with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) treatment.@*Methods@#This was a retrospective study. Between January 2012 and May 2017, 51 infertile males with nonmosaic 47,XYY syndrome underwent FISH-PGD were included in the study. According to sex chromosomal FISH results, embryos were classified as normal signal, no nuclei fixed, no signal in fixed nuclei, suspensive signal, and abnormal signal groups, respectively. The incidence of each group, the fixation rate, and hybridization rate were calculated. Embryonic development and pregnancy outcomes were also analyzed. The measurement data were analyzed with Student's t-test. The comparison of categorical data was analyzed with the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test when expected cell count was 0.05), and were significantly lower than the normal signal group (66.4%, P < 0.001). The clinical pregnancy rates of fresh and frozen embryos transferred cycles were 70.6% and 85.7%, respectively.@*Conclusions@#Among embryos with a clear diagnosis of sex chromosome, about one-fifth showed abnormal signals. Embryos with two sex chromosomal signals are more likely to develop into good-quality ones. The application of the PGD by FISH may help to improve the clinical outcome s.

Clinical and EEG analysis of 12 cases of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor encephalitis / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To explore the dynamic changes of EEG and the clinical characteristics of anti -N-methyl-D-aspartic acid(NMDA)receptor encephalitis.Method The clinical data of 12 patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis were analyzed retrospectively.Results The study included 12 cases of diagnosed patients,6 males and 6 females,aging from 14 to 43 years old,with hospital stay 13 -84 d.The clinical features suggested mental and behavior disorder in 12 cases,involuntary movement in 12 cases,coma in 6 cases,seizure in 11 cases(include status epilepticus in 4 cases),assisted respiration and stayed in neurology intensive care unit in 6 cases,lung infection in 8 cases.The EEG on admission showed height abnormal in 7 cases,moderately abnormal in 4 cases,mild abnormal in 1 case,δ brush in 7 cases,generalized slow waves in 11 cases,asymmetric in 4 cases and epileptic discharge in 6 cases.The EEG at discharge showed height abnormal in 3 cases,moderately abnormal in 7 cases,mild abnormal in 1 case,δ brush in 4 cases, generalized slow waves in 7 cases, asymmetric in 4 cases and epileptic discharge in 1 cases.Conclusion The EEG plays an important role in the diagnosis of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis,and the δ brush may be is a special display.